History Of Coffee

How did the use of coffee begin? One legend goes like this: Once upon a time in Arabia, there lived a goat herder named Kaldi. Kaldi was a sober and responsible goat herder. One day, Kaldi's goats didn't come home so he went looking for them. He found them hopping with glee acting in an eccentric behavior around a shiny dark-leafed shrub with red berries.

Kaldi noted that the goats were eating strange red berries. So, he tried the berry.

 
Kaldi was soon dancing around the tree too. He became wide awake and was instantly ready to keep traveling.He mixed the berries with drinks at his monastery which kept people awake during prayer. It then spread to other towns and monasteries. Aucuba became a rich man. No one knows what happen to Kaldi.
Another legend gives us the name for coffee or "mocha." An Arabian was banished to the desert with his followers to die of starvation. In desperation, Omar had his friends boil and eat the fruit from an unknown plant. Not only did the broth save the exiles, but their survival was taken as a religious sign by the residents of the nearest town, Mocha. The plant and its beverage were named Mocha to honor this event.

It is almost certain that slaves taken from present day Sudan into Yemen and Arabia used to chew on the succulent outer cherry flesh, thus by accident their masters found out it's potency. Coffee began trade through the great port of its day, Mocha, now synonymous with coffee.

Initially, the authorities in Yemen actively encouraged coffee drinking as it was considered preferable to the extreme side effects of Khat, a shrub whose buds and leaves were chewed as a stimulant. The first coffeehouses were opened in Mocha and were called 'kaveh kanes'. They quickly spread throughout the Arab world and became successful places where chess was played, gossip was exchanged, and singing, dancing and music were enjoyed. They were luxuriously decorated and each had an individual character. Nothing quite like the coffeehouse had existed before: a place where society and business could be conducted in comfortable surroundings and where anyone could go, for the price of coffee.

The Arabian coffeehouses soon became centers of political activity and were suppressed.

On pilgrimage to Mecca, through the seaport of Mocha, in the middle 1600s, a revered holy man from India named Baba Budan, discovered for him the wonders of coffee. In his zeal to share what he had found with his fellows at home, he smuggled seven coffee beans out of Arabia, wrapped around his belly. On his return home, he planted the beans in the hills of Mysore, India, and nurtured the young coffee bushes that resulted. Coffee flourished in the hills of India – Chikmagalgur hills now named after Baba Budan.

From the Muslim world, coffee spread to Europe, where it became popular during the seventeenth century. The Dutch were the first to start the large scale importation of coffee into Europe, and eventually smuggled out some seedlings in 1690, as the Arabs were not allowed to export the plants or unroasted seeds. This led to coffee growing in Java, which was owned by the Dutch.[8] In 1538, Leonhard Rauwolf, a German physician, having returned from a ten-year trip to the Near East, gave this description of coffee:

“ A beverage as black as ink, useful against numerous illnesses, particularly those of the stomach. Its consumers take it in the morning, quite frankly, in a porcelain cup that is passed around and from which each one drinks a cupful. It is composed of water and the fruit from a bush called bunnu. ”

Pope Vincent III considered banishing coffee from the Christian world after hearing it referred to as the "Devil’s Drink." Fortunately, he decided to try coffee before condemning it. He enjoyed the brew so much that he instead baptized it, saying, "Coffee is so delicious that it would be a pity to let the infidels have exclusive use of it."

When coffee reached the American colonies, it was initially not as successful as it had been in Europe, as colonists found it a poor substitute for alcohol. However, during the Revolutionary War, the demand for coffee increased to such an extent that dealers had to hoard their scarce supplies of it and raise prices dramatically; part of this is due to the reduced availability of tea from British merchants. Americans' taste for coffee grew during the early nineteenth century, following the War of 1812, which had temporarily cut off access to tea imports, and high demand during the American Civil War as well as many advancements in brewing technology cemented the position of coffee as an everyday commodity in America. Coffee is consumed often for breakfast. TOP


History Of Chocolate

The word "chocolate" comes from the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs of Mexico. The word is derived from the Nahuatl word xocolatl, which is a combination of the words, xocolli, meaning "bitter", and atl, which is "water". It is associated with the Mayan god of Fertility. Mexican philologist Ignacio Davila Garibi, proposed that "Spaniards had coined the word by taking the Maya word chocol and then replacing the Maya term for water, haa, with the Aztec one, atl." However, it is more likely that the Aztecs themselves coined the term, having long adopted into the Nahuatl the Mayan word for the "cacao" bean; the Spanish had little contact with the Mayans before Cortés's early reports to the Spanish King of the beverage known as xocolatl

The chocolate residue found in an ancient Maya pot suggests that Mayans were drinking chocolate 2,600 years ago, which is the earliest record of cacao use. The Aztecs associated chocolate with Xochiquetzal, the goddess of fertility. In the New World, chocolate was consumed in a bitter and spicy drink called xocoatl, often seasoned with vanilla, chile pepper, and achiote, (which is known today as annatto). Xocoatl was believed to fight fatigue, a belief that is probably attributable to the theobromine content. Chocolate was an important luxury good throughout pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, and cocoa beans were often used as currency. Other chocolate drinks combined it with such edibles as maize starch paste (which acts as an emulsifier and thickener), various fruits, and honey. In 1689 noted physician and collector Hans Sloane, developed a milk chocolate drink in Jamaica which was initially used by apothecaries, but later sold by the Cadbury brothers.

Roughly two-thirds of the entire world's cocoa is produced in Western Africa, with close to half of the total sourced from Côte d'Ivoire. Like many food industry producers, individual cocoa farmers are at the mercy of volatile world markets. The price can vary from £500 ($945) to £3,000 ($5,672) per ton, in the space of just a few years. While investors trading in cacao can dump shares at will, individual cocoa farmers cannot increase production or abandon trees at anywhere near that pace. It has been alleged that an estimated 90% of cocoa farms in Côte d'Ivoire have used some form of slave labor in order to remain viable, and that when cocoa prices drop, farmers in West Africa sometimes cut costs by using slave labor.

Europe’s first contact with chocolate came during the conquest of Mexico in 1521. The Spaniards recognized the value attached to cacao and observed the Aztec custom of drinking chocolate. Soon after, the Spanish began to ship cacao seeds back home.

An expensive import, chocolate remained an elite beverage and a status symbol for Europe’s upper classes for the next 300 years.

Sweetened chocolate became an international taste sensation.
When the Spanish brought cacao home, they doctored up the bitter brew with cinnamon and other spices and began sweetening it with sugar.

They managed to keep their delicious drink a Spanish secret for almost 100 years before the rest of Europe discovered what they were missing. Sweetened chocolate soon became the latest and greatest fad to hit the continent.

Chocolate was a European symbol of wealth and power.
Because cacao and sugar were expensive imports, only those with money could afford to drink chocolate. In fact, in France, chocolate was a state monopoly that could be consumed only by members of the royal court.

Like the Maya and the Aztecs, Europeans developed their own special protocol for the drinking of chocolate. They even designed elaborate porcelain and silver serving pieces and cups for chocolate that acted as symbols of wealth and power. TOP


Other Resources And Links

Wikipedia: Coffee - A reference work.

Wikipedia: Chocolate - A reference work

Coffee And Chocolate Discussion - Coffee and chocolate discussion forum

Cafe Reviews - Coffeehouse Reviews

The Coffee Resource - All things coffee!

CocoaJava - Your place for chocolate and coffee on the web. Recipes, links, articles, forum discussions, reviews, news, trivia, quizzes, and more!

Free Coffee Maker - Home of the free coffee items, such as free coffee makers, coffee grinders and coffee.

Koffee Klatsch - Where coffee and tea lovers shop.

Jim's Coffee Beans - Finest roasted and green gourmet coffee beans

Pacifico Primo Coffee Trading Company - Gourmet Coffee Blends, Roasted Coffee, 100% Arabica Coffee

Coffee House Shop Review - Discuss your favorite coffeehouse.

Essential Wonders - Finest specialty coffees, coffee and espresso equipment, equipment installation, delivery service.

Personalized Wine Labels - Custom wine labels and personalized wine labels produced by Northwest Cellars. They make great gifts for special occasions.

Daddy's Little Girl Babywear - Our other venture. THE coolest collection of babywear. Funny and witty and 100% satisfaction guaranteed.

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